LINGUISTICS

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Internet Resources for Linguistics

Starting Points

• Africa Guide InterActive: Language
  Maintained by the Kamusi Project, Yale Program in African Languages, this is a good starting point for African linguistics.

• Find a Lecture: Linguistics (World Lecture Hall)
  A gateway to online lectures, course outlines, and entire Web-based modules.

• iLoveLanguages
  Formerly the Human-Languages Page. A comprehensive catalog of language-related Internet resources. Here you will find online language lessons, translating dictionaries, programs to aid you in learning a language, and more.

• Languages (Digital Librarian)
  A Librarian’s Choice of the Best of the Web: Languages.

• The Linguist List
  Hosted by Eastern Michigan University and Wayne State University. Links to academic resources for linguists.

• Linguistic Resources on the Internet
  Maintained by Summer Institute of Linguistics.

• Linguistics Links on the Web
  Maintained by Doug Arnold, Department of Language and Linguistics, University of Essex.

• Web Resources for Linguistics
  Maintained by Dominic Watt, School of Language & Literature, University of Aberdeen.

Applied Linguistics

• African American Vernacular English
  A Web page prepared by the Center for Applied Linguistics, a private, non-profit organization headquartered in Washington, D. C.

• Survey of the State of the Art in Human Language Technology
  Maintained by Mike Noel and Wei Wei, Center for Spoken Language Understanding, Oregon Graduate Institute of Science and Technology.

Cognitive Science

• Cognitive Science
  Cognitive Science Science & Technology sites.

• Cognitive Science
  Maintained by Russell A. Dewey as part of his Psych Web site.

Computational Linguistics

• The ACL NLP/CL Universe
  A Web catalog/search engine devoted to Natural Language Processing and Computational Linguistics Web sites, maintained by The Association for Computational Linguistics.

• Computational Linguistics - Resources and Institutions (University of Stuttgart)

Dialects

• American Languages: Our Nation’s Many Voices
  Audio recordings documenting linguistic diversity in the United States.

Historical Linguistics

• Thesaurus Indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien (TITUS)

Individual Languages and Language Families

• Chinese Language Information Page
  A comprehensive navigational tool for resources relating to Chinese.

• Do You Speak American?
  Based on the PBS televison documentary by Robert MacNeil.

• Eurolang
  News and information on minority languages in Europe.

• English Accents and Dialects
  Listen to England's changing voice. Extracts from the Survey of English Dialects and the Millennium Memory Bank document how we spoke and lived in the 20th century.

• Ethnologue
  “Languages of the world and a whole lot more.” Online guide to the world's approximately 6,500 languages.

• HandSpeak: A Sign Language Dictionary
  Features approximately 2,800 signs and is being added to regularly. Visitors can use a search engine to find American Sign Language (ASL) signs for words or browse by an alphabetical index as well as by a limited subject index.

• The Kamusi Project
  Internet Living Swahili Dictionary.

• Languages and Scripts of India
  Maintained by Yashwant K. Malaiya, Colorado State University, this site has overviews and resources devoted to the language and script of the major languages spoken in South Asia. Additional sections include the evolution of Brahmi script; digitized manuscript images; calligraphy, bijaksharas, and yantras; and classical languages and texts.

• The UCLA Language Materials Project
  Provides learning materials for Less Commonly Taught Languages throughout the world. The site categorizes more than 3,500 resources covering 80 languages.

Language Learning and Teaching

• Subject Centre for Languages, Linguistics and Area Studies
  “Supporting learning and teaching in higher education.”

• The Virtual CALL Library
  A central point of access to the diverse collection of Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) software scattered across the Internet and available for downloading.

Lexicography

Google has a lexicographic functionality. Enter define: and then a term in the search box, and the results list consists of sites that define that term.

• Dictionary.com
  A commercial site providing access to a number of dictionaries, English and foreign-language; answers to grammatical questions; and a translation page that will translate anything from a phrase to an entire Web page from one major European language, including English, to another.

• Dictionnaire des synonymes
  A thesaurus of 52,000 entries (over 400,000 synonyms), gleaned from seven standard French-language dictionaries. It is the work of researchers at the Institut National de la Langue Française.

• The Early Modern English Dictionaries Database (EMEDD)
  A reference work for English of the Renaissance period. It is designed to make accessible the English-language content of bilingual (English and other languages) and monolingual (English-only) dictionaries and glossaries published in England from 1500 to 1660.

• Lexical FreeNet
  Finite relation expression networks, or FreeNets, allow you to search for lexical and conceptual relationships between words or phrases. Lexical FreeNet is a network that combines semantic relations derived from WordNet with relations derived from other linguistic data. To operate Lexical FreeNet, type in a source concept and a target concept, select the linguistic relations you would like to explore, and then choose a query option. Every query returns a mapped binary connection, showing the path of relations between the source and the target.

• lexicool.com (Directory of Bilingual and Multilingual Dictionaries)
  One of the most comprehensive directories of free bilingual and multilingual dictionaries and glossaries on the Internet.

• Leximagne
  A nearly exhaustive collection of 650 online French dictionaries, glossaries, and wordlists.

• Middle Ages: Lexique d'ancien français
  Online version of the Altfranzösisches Wörterbuch, which contains 48,000 Old French words. The online version supplements the print by including grammatical categories and graphical variants.

• Middle English Compendium
  Offers easy access to and interconnectivity between three major Middle English electronic resources: an electronic version of the Middle English Dictionary, a HyperBibliography of Middle English prose and verse, based on the MED bibliographies, and an associated network of electronic resources. (Authorized University of Delaware users only).

• WordNet - a Lexical Database for English
  An on-line lexical reference system whose design is inspired by current psycholinguistic theories of human lexical memory. English nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs are organized into synonym sets, each representing one underlying lexical concept. Different relations link the synonym sets. WordNet was developed by the Cognitive Science Laboratory at Princeton University.

• World Wide Words: Exploring the English Language
  Michael Quinion, a freelance wordsmith and researcher into new words for Oxford Dictionaries, “writes on international English from a British viewpoint.” Each week, you can find definitions and histories of words and phrases both old and new.

Morphology

• Distributed Morphology
  Maintained by Rolf Noyer, University of Pennsylvania.

• The World Atlas of Language Structures Online (WALS)
  WALS is a large database of structural (phonological, grammatical, lexical) properties of languages gathered from descriptive materials, such as reference grammars.

Phonetics

• Resources for Studying Spoken English (Studying Phonetics on the Net)
  Maintained by George L. Dillon, University of Washington.

Phonology

• International Phonetic Alphabet (International Phonetics Association)

• Phonological Atlas of North America
  Created by the Telsur Project at the Linguistics Laboratory at the University of Pennsylvania.

Speech-Language Pathology

• American Academy of Audiology

• American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA)

• Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology

• Speech Language Pathology Web Sites

• Speech Pathology Resources

Theoretical Linguistics

• Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar

Translation

• Hot Links for Translators
  Links to organizations, databases, discussion groups, educational resources, translation aid software, and miscellaneous translators' resources. Maintained by Translation Journal.

• xlation.com
  Currently, xlation.com features approximately 1,600 glossaries and more than 60 online grammars, as well as resources for translators.

Linguistic Corpora

• British National Corpus
  A 100-million-word collection of samples of written and spoken language from a wide range of sources, designed to represent a wide cross-section of current British English, both spoken and written.

• Corpus Linguistics
  Includes links to text sites, learner corpora, software, a bibliography, etc.

• The Linguistic Data Consortium (LDC)
  Speech, natural language, and text databases, with speech corpora and lexicons.

Societies, Associations, and Other Organizations

• American Dialect Society
• The Association for Computational Linguistics
• Association for Literary and Linguistic Computing
• Center for Applied Linguistics
• Dictionary Society of North America
• ELSNET (European Network in Language and Speech)
• European Society for General Semantics
• International Pragmatics Association (IprA)
• International Society for General Semantics
• Linguistic Society of America
• The Society for the Study of the Indigenous Languages of the Americas (SSILA)

University Departments, Programs, and Centers

• Department of Cognitive and Linguistic Sciences, Brown University
• Department of Linguistics, Harvard University
• Department of Linguistics, Indiana University
• Center for Spoken Language Understanding, Oregon Graduate Institute of Science and Technology
  The mission of CSLU is “to perform basic research leading to advances in the state of the art of spoken language systems.”
• Center for the Study of Language and Information, Stanford University
• Summer Institute of Linguistics
  The focus is the study of minority languages and cultures around the world.
• Department of Linguistics, UCLA
• National Foreign Language Resource Center, University of Hawai’i, Manoa
• Linguistics Web Server, University of Texas at Arlington
• University of Texas at Austin, Department of Linguistics
• Yale University, Department of Linguistics

Publishers

• John Benjamins Publishing Company

• Blackwell Language & Linguistics (Blackwell Publishing)

• Cambridge University Press - Language & Linguistics

• CLSI Publications

• Cascadilla Press Linguistics Titles

• Elsevier Science: Language & Linguistics

• Linguistics Publications at Harvard

• Publishers’ Catalogues Home Page
  Search hundreds of book publishers’ catalogs, by geographic location.

• UCI Working Papers in Linguistics

Other Sites of Interest

• Language Log
  Mark Liberman and Geoffrey Pullman’s blog on language. Has links to many other language blogs.

• Language Map Data Center (Modern Language Association)
  Intended for use by students, teachers, and anyone interested in learning about the linguistic and cultural composition of the United States. Uses data from the 2000 United States census to display the locations and numbers of speakers of thirty languages and seven groups of less commonly spoken languages in the United States.

• Lexicon of Linguistics
  Provides easily accessed authoritative definitions for thousands of technical terms in the field of linguistics.

• OLAC: Open Language Archives Community
  A worldwide virtual library of language resources, including texts, recordings, dictionaries, annotations, field notebooks, software, protocols, data models, file formats, newsgroup archives and Web indexes.

• Omniglot: A Guide to Writing Systems
  Information on over 160 different alphabets, syllabaries, and other writing systems.